Chemical characterization and bioactivity evaluation of black mulberry and grape seeds
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abstract
Circular economy is increasingly seen as a crucial way to reduce food by- products and residues and obtain valuable raw materials. There is a growing demand for industrial products with clean labels and bio benefits, where natural bioactive compounds play an important role. Among these natural biomolecules, polyphenols stand out for their health benefits against diseases such as cancer or diabetes. Thus, the use of agro-industrial bioresidues as a rich source of polyphenols for the development of new natural preservatives, colorants and nutraceuticals is in the spotlight [1,2].
The aim of this work was the recovery of polyphenols from grape and mulberry seeds, usually considered as biowaste. Polyphenols were characterized by HPLC-DAD- ESI/MSn, and the obtained polyphenol-rich extracts were analysed for their bioactive properties, namely antimicrobial and antioxidant capacities. Grape seeds were richer in catechin oligomers (36.0 ± 0.3 mg/g), and mulberry seeds in ellagic acid derivatives (3.14 ± 0.02 mg/g). In addition, both extracts exhibited high antimicrobial activity against multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. On the other hand, mulberry seeds showed the strongest antioxidant activity by the lipid peroxidation inhibition (IC50 = 23 ± 2 μg/mL) and oxidative haemolysis inhibition (IC50 at a 60 min Δt = 46.0 ± 0.8 μg/mL) methods [2]. Both by-products could be exploited for the recovery of added-value bioactive polyphenols and further application in the industry [2].
This work has been supported by Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); the C.L. Roriz PhD’s grant (SFRH/BD/117995/2016), the contracts of M.I. Dias, R.C. Calhelha and L. Barros through the institutional scientific employment program-contract and S.A. Heleno (CEECIND/03040/2017) and J. Pinela (CEECIND/01011/2018) through the individual scientific employment program-contract. Eramus + grant (PBRAGAC01) and Complutense University of Madrid, Spain for the grant [CT17/17-CT18/17] of E. Gómez- Mejía. Ponto Agricola Lda. (Portugal) and Terras Gaudas (Spain) for providing the samples. European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of project GreenHealth (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000042.
