abstract
- Este trabalho foi suportado pela Fundação Portuguesa para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) no âmbito do financiamento estratégico UID/FIS/04650/2013. Os autores também agradecem o financiamento da FCT através do projeto PTDC/QEQ-FTT/4287/2014.
- Reducing the European Union (EU) transport sector’s pressure on the environment is critical to achieve long-term sustainability. This study evaluates the environmental performance of the transport sector in 28 EU countries, from 2015 to 2017, towards a more sustainable mobility by using composite indicators (CI). The assessment was made through the aggregation of 7 sub-indicators into a CI using a DEA approach. The results indicate that the EU countries had almost no variation on their transport environmental performance in these 3 years analyzed.
- The European Union (EU) has been promoting diverse initiatives towards sustainable development and environment protection. One of these initiatives is the reduction of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 60% below their 1990 level, by 2050. As the transport sector is responsible for more than 22% of those emissions some strategies need to be taken towards a more sustainable mobility, as the ones proposed in 2011 White Paper on transport. Under this context, this study aims to evaluate the environmental performance of the transport sector in the 28 EU countries towards these goals, from 2015 to 2017. The transport environmental performance is measured through the composite indicator derived from the Benefit of the Doubt (BoD) model. The country transport environmental performance is assessed through the aggregation of multiple sub-indicators using the composite indicator derived from the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. The results indicate that the EU countries slightly improved their transport environmental performance, on average 2.8%. The areas where the inefficient countries need more improvement were also identified: reducing the GHG emissions from fossil fuels, increasing the share of transport energy from renewable sources and improving the public transport share of the total passenger transport.