Is Portugal a country of propolis diversity?
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abstract
Portugal geographical situation and therefore their floral diversity points towards the
existence of typical propolis from temperate zones, where bud exudates of poplar trees
(Populus species) are the main source of this honeybee product With the exception of
Madeira and Azores Islands, where the floral diversity could present significant differ·
ences, it would be expected to find a product rich in flavonoid aglycones (flavones and
flavanones), phenolic acids and their esters, characteristic of European propolis, In order
to clarify this issue, several propolis samples were collected along the country, including
islands, and their colour, ashes, content of wax, phenols and flavonoids, as also their
phenolic profile, were determined,
