Chalcones belong to the flavonoid family which constitutes one of the major classes of naturally occurring oxygen heterocyclic
compounds. The alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl system of chalcones possesses two electrophilic reactive centers allowing them to
participate in addition reactions via attack to the carbonyl group (1,2-addition) or involving the beta-carbon (1,4-conjugate addition), leading
to the synthesis of promising bioactive heterocyclic compounds. The purpose of this review is to present a systematic survey of the most
recent literature that uses chalcones in the synthesis of biologically active 5- and 6-membered nitrogen heterocycles such as pyrroles,
indoles, isoxazoles, imidazoles, pyrazoles, indazoles, triazoles, tetrazoles, pyridines and pyrimidines. Efficiency, easy-to-handle and
cheap reagents, alternative heating conditions and greener protocols will be highlighted. In this review we will cover the literature since
the beginning of the 21st century in more than 400 publications.
