Influence of pruning system and deficit irrigation on grapevine physiology, yield and grape quality of cv. Sousão (Vitis vinifera L.) growing under Mediterranean conditions
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abstract
Different strategies are currently being sought to mitigate the effects of grapevine summer
water stress. Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) is a strategy that has been successfully adapted. Also,
some pruning systems have been identified as capable of influencing vine water balance. The aim of
this work was to evaluate the effect of two RDI strategies and two pruning systems on grapevine
physiology, yield and grape quality of the Sousão variety grown under Mediterranean conditions. This
study was conducted in an organic vineyard in northeastern Portugal (41º31´N; 7º5´W; 326 m a.s.l.),
planted in 2011 with 1103 P rootstock. The pruning systems, single Cordon and single Guyot were
established in 2013. In 2019, three irrigation treatments were implemented: a full irrigation control, FI
(100% ETc), and two deficit irrigations treatments, RDI25 (25% ETc) and RDI50 (50% of ETc). During
the growing season, grapevine water status and physiological parameters were monitored. At harvest,
yield, yield components, and grape composition were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that
the vines under an RDI regime presented significantly lower leaf water potential values than those under
FI in both pruning systems. Therefore, the physiological performance was affected by
decreasing its stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis. However, the lower
physiological performance did not significantly affect yield. No significant differences were observed in
total soluble solids and total acidity regarding the grape composition. However, there was an increase
in anthocyanins and phenolic compounds in grapes with less irrigation.
The authors wish to thank the
financial support provided to David Barreales
(research grant SFRH/BD/139393/2018) by the
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
(FCT, Portugal). The authors thank the Soc. Clemente Menéres Lda. (Menéres Family Estate) for allowing this research activity at Quinta do Romeu vineyards
