La vigilancia de los parámetros medioambientales es una acción importante para la evaluación de riesgos para la salud en los centros urbanos. En este estudio, realizado en el parque industrial de Mirandela (Portugal), se implementó un sistema de monitoreo medioambiental compuesto por una estación meteorológica, un sonómetro de clase 1 y tres analizadores ópticos de gases, para monitorizar los niveles de ruido, las concentraciones de ozono, monóxido de carbono, y óxidos de nitrógeno durante la primavera y invierno de 2019. Se evaluó la interdependencia entre las variables y el cumplimiento legal con los valores objetivo para el ozono establecidos por la Unión Europea (UE). Se observaron concentraciones más altas de óxidos de nitrógeno y monóxido de carbono durante las horas de punta, mientras que las concentraciones de ozono aumentaron por las emisiones de contaminantes primarios, alcanzando valores máximos aproximadamente de las 13:00 a 14:00h. Cuanto a la Exposición Acomumulada a Ozono (AOT), se han excedido los valores objetivos para AOT40. Mientras que para AOT60, el valor observado estaba abajo del objetivo, sin embargo, se ha excedido el indicador NET60. Los niveles de ruido fuéron mayores en las horas de punta, relacionados con la mayor intensidad de tráfico, pero los indicadores de ruido (Lden, Ln) permanecieron dentro de los límites legales. Los resultados obtenidos pueden ser utilizados para centrar los esfuerzos en la mejora de la calidad medioambiental del parque industrial.
Monitoring environmental parameters in urban centers has become a critical step for health risk assessment. In this study, conducted in the industrial park of Mirandela (Portugal), an environmental monitoring system consisting of a meteorological station, a class 1 smart sound sensor and three reference optical gas analyzers were deployed to measure noise levels, tropospheric ozone concentrations, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, during winter and spring of 2019. The interdependence among all variables was evaluated, and legal compliance was assessed according to the European Union (EU) target values for ozone. Higher concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide were observed during rush hours, while ozone concentrations increased as a consequence of the emissions of primary pollutants after sunrise reaching their maximum values at about 13:00 to 14:00h. Regarding the Accumulated Ozone Exposure (AOT), both target values set by the EU for AOT40 vegetation and forest have been exceeded. For AOT60, the observed values were below target; however, the threshold for NET60 was exceeded even before the end of 2019. Noise levels were higher during rush hours, because of higher traffic intensity; however, noise level indicators (Lden, Ln) remained within the legal limits. It was possible to realize that urban traffic is the most relevant source of noise and local air pollution. These results can be used to define strategies that may improve the environmental performance of the studied industrial park.
This work was supported by the Spain-Portugal Transnational Program (POCTEP), with the Financial Support from the European Union under Program FEDER (European Regional Development Fund), as part of the project Rehabind (0399_REHAB_IND_2_E)
This study was part of the Trans-National Project Rehabind. The authors would like to thank the Spain-Portugal Transnational Program (POCTEP), with the Financial Support from the European Union under Program FEDER (European Regional Development Fund). The authors acknowledge all the support provided by the Mirandela City Council for the execution of this work. The authors thank the CYTED Thematic Network “CIUDADES INTELIGENTES TOTALMENTE INTEGRALES, EFICIENTES
Y SOSTENIBLES (CITIES)” no. 518RT0558.
