Biological control of chestnut blight in Portugal
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abstract
FCT -PTDC/AGR-PRO/4606/2012
Plant protection is a multi-disciplinary subject and different strategies need to be
addressed for sustainable plant health management Biological control is an
ecosystem-based approach extending from lab based investigation to fie ld
applications. Hipovirulence is a specific method for biological control of Chestnut
Blight a lethal disease of the American and European chestnut. The causal
pathogen of Chestnut Blight is Cryphonectria parasitica a fungus of Asian origin
which is an A2 quarantine organism in Europe. Chestnut Blight was recorded in
Portugal since 1990, one of the last European countries where Chestnut Blight has
been introduced, and is now well established and widespread with a fast expansion in all regions of chestnut. Biological control with hypovirulent strains of C. parasitica is considered an efficient mean to control the disease and improve chestnut
recovered. One of the first goa ls of this study is applying hipovirulence as a
biological method for Chestnut Blight control and producing a solid scientific base to
extend the method all over the chestnut region. it will have a very high practical
impact on crop productivity, and on social perception of applied research. Field
records and studies include parameters related to trees (dendrometric parameters
and plant health status) and the physical characteristics of the plots (type of soil,
exposure, geographic coordinates, age of trees, actual management of soil, etc.).
Other scientific issues are related with population structure of the pathogen, namely:
evolutionary forces that are present or dominate at population level (clonality,
selfing, self-incompatibility, vc type structure, vc type segregation, CHV presence,
CHV species). The effect of the founder population and driven forces on actual and
future populations can be answered with the data generated by this work. The study
can also be an innovative and a realistic approach and has potential for large and
extended field application with a real positive impact in chestnut production
