Biodiesel production through transesterification applying ionic liquids as catalysts
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abstract
Biodiesel is a biofuel obtained from renewable biomass for internal combustion
engines or energy generation, which can partially or totally replace fossil fuels. Biodiesel is
chemically composed of FAMEs (fatty acid methyl esters), obtained from the chemical
reaction of triglycerides with an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst [1].
The production of biodiesel started as an alternative and sustainable form of energy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This work aims to study the production by transesterification of biodiesel from simulated oil
consisting of mixes of waste cooking oil and oleic acid, using as a catalyst ionic liquid (IL) 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [HMIM][HSO4]. The experimental tests were carried out using a two level total factorial design with one replicate, with three parameters: incorporated oleic acid (20% and 40% wt.), molar ratio oil/methanol
(1:20 and 1:40) and reaction time (4h and 8h). The fixed operational conditions were: temperature (90ºC) and percentage of catalyst (10% wt.). The response studied was the conversion of the simulated oil. From the statistical analysis of the parameters, it was concluded that the parameters: reaction time and molar ratio oil/methanol, were those that showed the greatest influence on the result.
