Biomonitoring of firefighters occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during the 2014 hot season
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Human biomonitoring is an important tool in environmental
medicine that is used to assess the level of internal exposure to
environmental pollutants. Firefighters are one of the most exposed
and least studied occupations. During fire suppression, firefighters are
heavily exposed to a wide range of chemicals.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous
environmental pollutants that are considered as the largest known
group of carcinogens due to their cytotoxic and mutagenic properties
(IARC 2010, WHO 2013). Smoke and ashes released during a fire
are important sources of PAHs. Firefighters can be also exposed to
PAHs through smoking, via polluted ambient air, water, soil, and
through consumption of food.
Metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs), such as 1-hydroxynaphthalene
(1OHNapt), 1-hydroxyacenaphthene(1OHAce), 1-hydroxypyrene
(1OHPy) and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3OHB[a]P) have been used
as biological markers for measurements of human internal exposure
to PAHs.
The present work aims to quantify the urinary metabolites of PAHs,
namely 1OHNapt, 1OHAce, 1OHPy and 3OHB[a]P in study
population of firefighters. Firemen exposed to fires that occurred
during 2014 season were asked to fill a post-fire questionnaire and to
collect urinary samples. A control study population group was selected
to collect samples of urines during the pre-fires season (winter).
Among all participating firemen only healthy no-smoking subjects
were considered. OH-PAHs were analysed by high-performance liquid
chromatography with fluorescence detection
